Bhutan is a small land-locked country situated in the eastern Himalayas with an area of around 38,394sq. km. Irrespective of its size, this tiny country has earned its name in the world of being one of the main important part of the Eastern Himalaya biological hotspots. The country falls under two major bio-geographic realms namely the Indo-Malayan region comprising of the lowland rain forests of South and Southeast Asia and the Plaearctic region comprising of the alpine meadows of Northern Asia and Europe. Forests cover most of the country's land, making up 72 percent of the total country's land. A wide range of forest ecosystems and vegetation zones are seen in the country.
The altitude of the places in Bhutan ranges from around 150m above the sea level to more than 7000 m above the sea level. The great variation in climatic conditions from place to place, the rich intact natural forest and Bhutan being located on one of the most important migratory routes of the birds have given birth to a great diversity of birds. Within the area of 38,394 sq. km, Bhutan has so far recorded 719 species of Birds.